People in the 1850s were stupid. They were improving but, among other things, they still hadn’t figured out flush toilets and at least half the country still thought slavery was cool. This story isn’t as unsanitary or unpleasant as those examples, but it’s silly enough to fall under the ‘stupid’ category.
At this time, Americans had no idea what to do with an entire third of the country. This area was inconveniently placed in-between the two coasts where people actually wanted to live. These sides had water, trees and more natural resources than just prairie grass and buffalo. They seemed to think it was easier to survive with those things in supply.
While indigenous peoples had thrived on the Great Plains for some time, those of European descent had barely figured out how to cross it without a good percentage of travelers dying along the way. Roughly five percent of all those crossing this territory died before they finally got train tracks across it in 1869.
So how do you reliably get from the east to the west? Horses aren’t that durable and oxen are slow and use too many resources unless you’re in for the long haul. So the American government decided to try out an animal they knew could cross great distances without much water: camels.
I repeat: there were freaking camels in the American West in the 1850s.
In 1855, Congress agreed to give $30,000 to Secretary of War (and later President of the Confederacy) Jefferson Davis to go halfway around the world and bring back a shipload of camels. So he did. It’s easy to tell already that this guy was easily crazy enough to lead the South in the Civil War. I’d love to see what would happen if someone asked Congress for camels today. I just want the headline “Filibuster Continues over Camel Funds” to exist, really. But back to Davis’s last good idea.
Within the next two years, two ships from Turkey brought around 75 camels to Texas. You’d think these creatures would have been ideal. The American Southwest is similar to the Middle East in climate and they’ve been using camels there since before Jesus came around. Who knows if they’d have worked better further north, but the other alternative got 1 of every 20 people crossing the area killed along the way. Why not give camels a shot in this place people still called, in the absence of any science, the “Great American Desert”?
Well, as soon as the camels got settled, Jefferson Davis left the War Department and it turned out he was the only one really interested in this experiment. The fact that nobody else cared about the potential of these beautiful humpbacked creatures roaming American plains just confirms how stupid people were at the time.
The camels took a few trips from San Antonio into West Texas and just one lengthy expedition to California. Some apparently stayed there, but it seems that no one can really be sure because somehow they were all presumed disappeared within a few years. How do you just straight up lose camels? You’ve magically found these exotic animals that are built perfectly as a solution to your transportation problem and you just say “eh”? They essentially took the blueprints for the first automobile and used them to fuel a fire in a coal train engine. These people were so damn stupid.
Were the camels just let go into the desert/plains? Did they die fairly quickly or did they roam the wilderness for a full life? Did they start mating? Is there a secret pack of camels somewhere in Arizona right now? Or did one dude just keep them all and start a private camel ranch?
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Through a post on an American Legion website that cites zero sources, I can possibly provide some answers to these questions. I don’t know if they’re true, but they’re pretty great regardless. Apparently some were just let go to fend for themselves and became feral in the American West. Some were auctioned off and one dude took a bunch to Canada, where an additional few escaped. This site claims that wild camel sightings in both countries were happening up into the 1930s. Despite my earlier facetious question, I can’t imagine that’s true. But hey, I truly hope it is. It would be a sliver of a silver lining to this overall bummer of a story.
If Americans had to go back and fix all the mistakes we’ve made in the past, I don’t think we’d ever finish, but I think this one is fairly simple. Let’s bring some camels back; try it out. Why not?
I want to dress up like Jesse James and ride from town to town on my trusty camel steed. I want to come across packs of wild camels, rope one and tame it. I want camel racing to be a sport. I want to tie my camel up outside the grocery store and have it effortlessly carry my bags home. It’s the America I never knew I wanted.
Big thanks to “The Great Plains” by Walter Prescott Webb for giving me this ridiculous story.